diff --git a/spec/system/oauth_spec.rb b/spec/system/oauth_spec.rb
index 64ac75879..14ffc163f 100644
--- a/spec/system/oauth_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/system/oauth_spec.rb
@@ -24,28 +24,28 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
       subject
 
       # It presents the user with an authorization page
-      expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize'))
-
-      # Upon authorizing, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
-      click_on I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize')
-      expect(page).to have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+      expect(page).to have_content(oauth_authorize_text)
 
       # It grants the app access to the account
-      expect(Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.exists?(application: client_app, resource_owner_id: user.id)).to be true
+      expect { click_on oauth_authorize_text }
+        .to change { user_has_grant_with_client_app? }.to(true)
+
+      # Upon authorizing, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
+      expect(page).to redirect_to_callback_url
     end
 
     it 'when rejecting the authorization request' do
       subject
 
       # It presents the user with an authorization page
-      expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.deny'))
-
-      # Upon denying, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
-      click_on I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.deny')
-      expect(page).to have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+      expect(page).to have_content(oauth_deny_text)
 
       # It does not grant the app access to the account
-      expect(Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.exists?(application: client_app, resource_owner_id: user.id)).to be false
+      expect { click_on oauth_deny_text }
+        .to_not change { user_has_grant_with_client_app? }.from(false)
+
+      # Upon denying, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
+      expect(page).to redirect_to_callback_url
     end
 
     # The tests in this context ensures that requests without PKCE parameters
@@ -133,7 +133,6 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
     end
 
     it 'when accepting the authorization request' do
-      params = { client_id: client_app.uid, response_type: 'code', redirect_uri: client_app.redirect_uri, scope: 'read' }
       visit "/oauth/authorize?#{params.to_query}"
 
       # It presents the user with a log-in page
@@ -145,18 +144,17 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
 
       # Logging in redirects to an authorization page
       fill_in_auth_details(email, password)
-      expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize'))
-
-      # Upon authorizing, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
-      click_on I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize')
-      expect(page).to have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+      expect(page).to have_content(oauth_authorize_text)
 
       # It grants the app access to the account
-      expect(Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.exists?(application: client_app, resource_owner_id: user.id)).to be true
+      expect { click_on oauth_authorize_text }
+        .to change { user_has_grant_with_client_app? }.to(true)
+
+      # Upon authorizing, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
+      expect(page).to redirect_to_callback_url
     end
 
     it 'when rejecting the authorization request' do
-      params = { client_id: client_app.uid, response_type: 'code', redirect_uri: client_app.redirect_uri, scope: 'read' }
       visit "/oauth/authorize?#{params.to_query}"
 
       # It presents the user with a log-in page
@@ -168,21 +166,20 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
 
       # Logging in redirects to an authorization page
       fill_in_auth_details(email, password)
-      expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize'))
-
-      # Upon denying, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
-      click_on I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.deny')
-      expect(page).to have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+      expect(page).to have_content(oauth_authorize_text)
 
       # It does not grant the app access to the account
-      expect(Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.exists?(application: client_app, resource_owner_id: user.id)).to be false
+      expect { click_on oauth_deny_text }
+        .to_not change { user_has_grant_with_client_app? }.from(false)
+
+      # Upon denying, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
+      expect(page).to redirect_to_callback_url
     end
 
     context 'when the user has set up TOTP' do
       let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, email: email, password: password, otp_required_for_login: true, otp_secret: User.generate_otp_secret) }
 
       it 'when accepting the authorization request' do
-        params = { client_id: client_app.uid, response_type: 'code', redirect_uri: client_app.redirect_uri, scope: 'read' }
         visit "/oauth/authorize?#{params.to_query}"
 
         # It presents the user with a log-in page
@@ -202,18 +199,17 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
 
         # Filling in the correct TOTP code redirects to an app authorization page
         fill_in_otp_details(user.current_otp)
-        expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize'))
-
-        # Upon authorizing, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
-        click_on I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize')
-        expect(page).to have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+        expect(page).to have_content(oauth_authorize_text)
 
         # It grants the app access to the account
-        expect(Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.exists?(application: client_app, resource_owner_id: user.id)).to be true
+        expect { click_on oauth_authorize_text }
+          .to change { user_has_grant_with_client_app? }.to(true)
+
+        # Upon authorizing, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
+        expect(page).to redirect_to_callback_url
       end
 
       it 'when rejecting the authorization request' do
-        params = { client_id: client_app.uid, response_type: 'code', redirect_uri: client_app.redirect_uri, scope: 'read' }
         visit "/oauth/authorize?#{params.to_query}"
 
         # It presents the user with a log-in page
@@ -233,14 +229,14 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
 
         # Filling in the correct TOTP code redirects to an app authorization page
         fill_in_otp_details(user.current_otp)
-        expect(page).to have_content(I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize'))
-
-        # Upon denying, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
-        click_on I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.deny')
-        expect(page).to have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+        expect(page).to have_content(oauth_authorize_text)
 
         # It does not grant the app access to the account
-        expect(Doorkeeper::AccessGrant.exists?(application: client_app, resource_owner_id: user.id)).to be false
+        expect { click_on oauth_deny_text }
+          .to_not change { user_has_grant_with_client_app? }.from(false)
+
+        # Upon denying, it redirects to the apps' callback URL
+        expect(page).to redirect_to_callback_url
       end
     end
     # TODO: external auth
@@ -252,4 +248,24 @@ RSpec.describe 'Using OAuth from an external app' do
     fill_in 'user_otp_attempt', with: value
     click_on I18n.t('auth.login')
   end
+
+  def oauth_authorize_text
+    I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.authorize')
+  end
+
+  def oauth_deny_text
+    I18n.t('doorkeeper.authorizations.buttons.deny')
+  end
+
+  def redirect_to_callback_url
+    have_current_path(/\A#{client_app.redirect_uri}/, url: true)
+  end
+
+  def user_has_grant_with_client_app?
+    Doorkeeper::AccessGrant
+      .exists?(
+        application: client_app,
+        resource_owner_id: user.id
+      )
+  end
 end